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When selecting the correct stress placement in words, there are several essential rules to keep in mind. In the context of the Unified State Exam (EGE), tasks focusing on compliance with orthoepic norms predominantly feature nouns, adjectives, verbs, and participles. The presence of movable stress can complicate the accurate placement of emphasis.

Stress in the Russian Language:

Let us begin with nouns. We will exclude aspects that will not be covered here. Firstly, you will not encounter equivalent and permissible options for pronunciation and stress (e.g., мышле´ние and мы´шление; творо´г and тво´рог). Secondly, commonly used words must be learned and pronounced correctly not only in exam settings but also in daily life. Thirdly, there are few rules. Consider the following:

1. If encountering words with the root -лог-, be aware that it carries the stress: диалог, каталог, эпилог, некролог. Exceptions include "аналог" and terms denoting professions and occupations: филолог, биолог, археолог.
2. If a word ends with -мия, the letter [о] is stressed: астрономия, экономия, with some exceptions for terms (анемия, метонимия).
3. If a word contains the second part -мания or -ария, then [а] is stressed: наркомания, англомания; семинария, кулинария, ветеринария.

Now let's address adjectives. They possess a short form and movable stress that varies depending on gender and number. Here is a nearly universal rule: if the adjective is in the feminine form, the ending carries the stress: плоха, быстра, молода, дорога.

The forms for neuter gender and plural require stress on the base: плохо, быстро, молодо, дорого; плохи, быстры, молоды, дороги. There are several adjectives that have two stress alternatives; nonetheless, emphasis on the base is generally considered preferable.

In exceptional adjectives, stress invariably falls on the ending: смешной, тяжёлый, горячий, лёгкий, равный, тёмный, тёплый, умный, чёрный, хороший.